Gluttony (Latin gula) is an excessive passion and excessive consumption of something, reaching the point of waste. The word comes from the Latin gluttire, to swallow.

One of the reasons for his condemnation is that overeating on the part of the well-to-do can leave the needy hungry.

Medieval ecclesiastical authorities (for example, Thomas Aquinas) took a broader view of gluttony, arguing that it could also include an obsessive expectation of food and an excessive fascination with delicacies and expensive food.

Thomas Aquinas listed five forms of gluttony:

Laute — eating too expensive Studiose — eating too tasty Nimis — eating too much Praepropere — eating too often Ardenter — eating too greedily The most serious of them is often considered ardenter, since it is a passion for simple earthly pleasures that can make you eat impulsively or even reduce life goals to simple food and drink. An example of this is when Esau sold his birthright for a pottage of lentils,
"a wicked man ... who sold his birthright for a piece of meat," and later "did not find a place for repentance, although he searched for it carefully, with tears.